Utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwimibala yolusu – i-chloasma

I-Chloasma sisifo esiqhelekileyo sokuguquka kombala wesikhumba esifumanekayo kwiklinikhi. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubafazi abakwiminyaka yokuzala, kwaye inokubonwa nakumadoda angaziwayo. Ibonakaliswa ngokutshintsha kombala kwizidlele, ebunzini nasezidleleni, ikakhulu ngesimo samaphiko ebhabhathane. Umthubi okhanyayo okanye onsundu okhanyayo, umdaka omnyama onzima okanye omnyama okhanyayo.

Phantse zonke iintlanga ezincinci nezinobuhlanga zinokuba nesi sifo, kodwa iindawo ezichaphazeleka kakhulu yi-UV, njengeLatin America, iAsia, neAfrika, zinokwanda kwenani lazo. Uninzi lwezigulane luba nesi sifo xa zineminyaka engama-30 nengama-40, kwaye ukwanda kwabantu abaneminyaka engama-40 nengama-50 yi-14% kunye ne-16%, ngokulandelelana. Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo baqala kwangethuba, abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama bakhula kamva, nasemva kokuya exesheni. Uphando olwenziwe kumaqela amancinci eLatin America lubonisa ukuba ukwanda kwe-4% ukuya kwi-10%, i-50% kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye ne-10% kumadoda.

Ngokwendawo esasazeke kuyo, i-melasma inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu zeklinikhi, kuquka ubuso obuphakathi (obubandakanya ibunzi, umva wempumlo, izidlele, njl.njl.), i-zygomatic kunye ne-mandible, kwaye amazinga okuxhaphaka yi-65%, 20%, kunye ne-15%, ngokulandelelana. Ukongeza, ezinye izifo zesikhumba ezingaqhelekanga, ezifana ne-idiopathic periorbital skin pigmentation, kucingelwa ukuba zidibene ne-melasma. Ngokwendawo ebekwe kuyo i-melanin eluswini, i-melasma inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ze-epidermal, dermal kunye neentlobo ezixutyiweyo, phakathi kwazo uhlobo lwe-epidermal lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo, kwaye uhlobo oluxutyiweyo lolona lunokwenzeka,Isibane sikaWoodiluncedo ekuchongeni iintlobo zezonyango. Phakathi kwazo, uhlobo lwe-epidermal lumdaka okhanyayo phantsi kokukhanya kweWood; uhlobo lwe-dermal lungwevu okhanyayo okanye luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phantsi kwamehlo, kwaye umahluko awubonakali phantsi kokukhanya kweWood. Ukwahlulwa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-melasma kuluncedo ekukhetheni unyango lwamva.